• The physiological role of the UCNs in

  2019-07-15

  

  The physiological role of the UCNs in the regulation of the HPA axis is still under debate (Fekete and Zorrilla, 2007, Suda et al., 2004). UCN 1 was proved to increase the plasma ACTH and corticosterone levels in rats (Bagosi et al., 2014, Vaughan et al., 1995), whereas UCN 2 and UCN 3 were shown to

• Other mutations in the SYNE region exons

  2019-07-15

  

  Other mutations in the SYNE1 3′ region (exons 81–85) have been implicated in an upper motor neuron disease, ARCA1 (Gros-Louis et al., 2007). The disease is characterized by progressive movement, coordination, and balance problems caused by disrupted Purkinje cell function and their impaired signalin

• Therapeutic options targeting intrahepatic resistance are ve

  2019-07-15

  

  Therapeutic options targeting intrahepatic resistance are very limited. Theoretically, the NO-cGMP pathway may be influenced at several sites. Yet, most strategies did not reach clinical practice or yielded disappointing results, such as activators of soluble guanylate cyclase [14], NO releasing der

• It is known that cigarette smoke

  2019-07-15

  

  It is known that cigarette smoke increases the oxidative burden in the lungs of mice with emphysema, which leads to oxidative stress [[34], [35], [36]]. However, in addition to cigarette smoke, studies have shown that endogenous oxidative stress is associated with proteolytic Saikosaponin A chemical

• Recent studies support the concept that dietary metabolites

  2019-07-15

  

  Recent studies support the concept that dietary metabolites, such as retinoids and AHR ligands, regulate ILC3 function. These metabolites act through intracellular nuclear receptors that function as transcription factors, thereby controlling ILC activity through the stimulation of specific transcrip

• The chemical structures of I C MOI and

  2019-07-13

  

  The chemical structures of I3C, 3MOI, and 3MI and the VPS34-IN1 weight responsible for 3MI metabolism in rainbow trout and carp are shown in Fig. 4. Discussion To determine the individual CYP450 isoforms involved in 3MI metabolism, we used specific inhibitors for CYP1A, CYP3A and CYP2E1. Our re

• br Results and Discussion br Experimental Procedures

  2019-07-13

  

  Results and Discussion Experimental Procedures Acknowledgments The ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) is important for biological processes such as protein degradation and protein function regulation. In general, poly-ubiquitinated proteins are degraded by proteasomes, and some proteins ac

• Presumably LBPs have health promoting activities such as

  2019-07-13

  

  Presumably, LBPs have health-promoting activities, such as antioxidant, immune regulation, anti-stress, anticancer, neuroprotective and antidiabetic activities [[7], [8], [9], [10], [11]]; LBPs can improve the whole-body health status of mice and stimulate the expressions of IL-2, IL-12 and TNF-α, w

• br Acknowledgments br Introduction Cysteinyl leukotrienes Cy

  2019-07-13

  

  Acknowledgments Introduction Cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs), LTC4, LTD4 and LTE4, are 5-lipoxygenase pathway metabolites of arachidonic U-73122 and deeply involved in bronchial asthma via activation of CysLT1 receptors [1], [2]. Specific CysLT1 receptor antagonists, including pranlukast [3],

• br Introduction The dorsal periaqueductal gray matter

  2019-07-13

  

  Introduction The dorsal periaqueductal gray matter (dPAG) is a midbrain site markedly involved in fear/anxiety-evoked responses as well as in nociception (see, for example, Bandler and Carrive, 1988, Deakin and Graeff, 1991, Fardin et al., 1984a, Fardin et al., 1984b, Litvin et al., 2007). Chemic

• The significant CRF increase in the DS and the

  2019-07-13

  

  The significant CRF increase in the DS and the overall changes in the CRF system observed in the VM and DS during the development of sensitization suggest that this neuropeptide (and possibly urocortin) contributes to the specific molecular alterations occurring in the mesolimbic pathway that suppor

• Currently phosphodiesterase type PDE inhibitors are used wid

  2019-07-13

  

  Currently, phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE-5) inhibitors are used widely as the first- line oral treatment for erectile dysfunction of varying causes. Radical prostatectomy for the treatment of prostate cancer is frequently associated with erectile dysfunction, and this type of erectile dysfunction is

• In most cases the ligand affinity between subtypes is

  2019-07-13

  

  In most cases, the ligand affinity between subtypes is similar, but their tissue distribution is different. In the case of the estrogen receptors (ER), two subtypes (ERα and ERβ) exist (Kuiper et al., 1996) and ERβ has several isoforms, designated ERβ1–5 (Moore et al., 1998) or ERβcx (Ogawa et al.,

• br Transparency document br Introduction The

  2019-07-13

  

  Transparency document Introduction The cyclic nucleotide adenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) exerts both an endothelium-dependent and an endothelium independent vasorelaxant action in rat KNK437 [1]. cAMP direct, endothelium-independent vasorelaxant effects have been attributed to sev

• br Material and Methods br

  2019-07-13

  

  Material and Methods Results and Discussion Conclusions Two chemical coupling agents, BTDE and CDI, were used to activate the free hydroxyl groups of plant cellulose powder and OPH from Flavobacterium ATCC 27551 immobilized on modified carriers by covalent linkages. The highest immobilizati

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